Pakistan ranks among the world’s most polluted countries, with transport emissions being a major contributor to deteriorating air quality. In Punjab, rising smog poses serious environmental and public health risks, with Lahore’s transport sector…
This article examines the relationship between transparency and legitimacy in investor–state dispute settlement (ISDS) jurisprudence, particularly in the context of Third-Party Funding (TPF). The initial section of the paper scrutinizes transparency…
Despite their positive role towards the development of Africa, MSMEs are still facing restrictive obstacles that are impeding their competitiveness and their ability to seize the opportunities offered by digital trade in the AfCFTA context. After…
Resolving the crisis in the dispute settlement system is a priority issue for the reform of the World Trade Organization (WTO), and Members have made sustained efforts in this regard. Since the Twelfth Ministerial Conference (MC12), discussions on…
A major shift has been observed recently in the transport industry due in no small part to the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this paper was to determine the changes that occurred on the cargo transport market during that period. In order to…
International arbitration institutions have been requested to administer an increasing number of investment disputes. In investment arbitration, a responding state usually stipulates its standing offers to arbitrate in the bilateral investment…
Regulatory measures on cross-border data flows are essential to personal data protection laws. The General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) of the European Union (“EU”) is one of such influential personal data protection regimes, which has become…
This article was published in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Procedural Law.
More information on this publication is available here.
The project aims at analysing the effects of COVID-19 on Mauritian MSMEs including women and blue entrepreneurs. It will also investigate the factors that prevent Mauritian women micro entrepreneurs from shifting to digital trade and aim to empower…
This project seeks to expand and promote knowledge co-production in developing countries on the linkages of the WTO, international trade policy, and circular economy (CE) from regional, national and sub-national outlooks. It is particularly…