This article examines the impact of mobile money on the labour productivity of firms in nine ECOWAS countries. Using propensity score matching and inverse probability-weighted regression adjustment, we find that firms using mobile money are more…
This article examines the relationship between transparency and legitimacy in investor–state dispute settlement (ISDS) jurisprudence, particularly in the context of Third-Party Funding (TPF). The initial section of the paper scrutinizes transparency…
This book is divided into three parts, totalling 10 chapters. Elaborate on the concepts, theories, and techniques of international trade negotiations in a sequential manner. The first part is about the basic concepts of international trade…
Resolving the crisis in the dispute settlement system is a priority issue for the reform of the World Trade Organization (WTO), and Members have made sustained efforts in this regard. Since the Twelfth Ministerial Conference (MC12), discussions on…
In recent years, more and more countries have included different kinds of gender considerations in their trade agreements. Yet many countries have still not signed their very first agreement with a gender equality-related provision. Though most of…
At World Trade Organization (WTO), nothing is agreed until everything is agreed and until everyone agrees at the negotiating tables, and that ‘magic’ moment has been difficult to arrive at. Some WTO Members have argued that if all Members cannot…
International arbitration institutions have been requested to administer an increasing number of investment disputes. In investment arbitration, a responding state usually stipulates its standing offers to arbitrate in the bilateral investment…
Regulatory measures on cross-border data flows are essential to personal data protection laws. The General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) of the European Union (“EU”) is one of such influential personal data protection regimes, which has become…
This article was published in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Procedural Law.   More information on this publication is available here. 
The study presented in this paper analyzes the scientific and technological cooperation of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU or EEC). There is given the capacity assessment for technological cooperation of EAEU member states.…