The Covid-19 pandemic has deepened the existing gender inequalities. In particular, it has dealt a significant blow to women entrepreneurs, as it has magnified the pre-pandemic disadvantages women have faced in the economic, social, financial and…
Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs) have evolved from being primarily concerned with trade issues to addressing non-trade issues. Apart from focusing on issues like trade in goods, services, and intellectual property-related issues, modern PTAs,…
International arbitration institutions have been requested to administer an increasing number of investment disputes. In investment arbitration, a responding state usually stipulates its standing offers to arbitrate in the bilateral investment…
Regulatory measures on cross-border data flows are essential to personal data protection laws. The General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) of the European Union (“EU”) is one of such influential personal data protection regimes, which has become…
Que las personas, sin importar su identidad de género, puedan beneficiarse en igualdad de condiciones del comercio es un presupuesto necesario para el desarrollo sostenible y progresivo de un país. Por eso, en este documento se presenta el panorama…
Bahri, A. (2021). Making Trade Agreements Work for Women Empowerment:. Latin American Journal of Trade Policy, 4(11), 6 - 24. doi:10.5354/0719-9368.2021.65667
In the recent years, there has been an upsurge in the number of FTAs that are…
33 (1) European Journal of International Law (2022). The most common provisions we find in almost all multilateral, regional and bilateral trade agreements are the exception clauses that allow countries to protect public morals, humans, animals or…
COVID-19 has played havoc with the global economy, and with it, international trade. Amidst it all, something else has been happening that we need to take account of, i.e., the increasing gender divide. COVID-19 is magnifying the impact of the pre…
The most common provisions we find in almost all multilateral, regional and bilateral trade agreements are the exception clauses that allow countries to protect public morals, humans, animals or plant health and life, and conserve exhaustible…
This article was published in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Procedural Law.
More information on this publication is available here.