Expert comment (with Prachi Agarwal, ODI Global) on the EU-India Free Trade Agreement signed in January 2026. It finds that the agreement’s trade and gender provision consists mostly of non-binding commitments that sit under each party’s right to…
This study examines the imbalance in bilateral trade between India and China, which has been marked by a trade deficit on India's side since the early 2000s. Using a descriptive qualitative approach and secondary data sources from academic journals,…
In recent years, trade agreements between states have evolved, expanding the topics addressed, including, in some cases, chapters on gender. The general objective of this study is to determine whether the Gender Chapter of the Interim Trade…
This policy paper critically examines the evolution, effectiveness, and shortcomings of Nepal’s investment, industrial, and trade policies over the past nine decades. Despite various reforms and liberalization efforts, Nepal has failed to attract…
The purpose of this chapter is threefold: providing an overview and analysis of gender provisions in preferential trade agreements (PTAs), assessing what gender issues are not covered and why, and showing how PTAs can be used as a policymaking tool…
En este trabajo analizo los efectos de la política proteccionista de Donald Trump en el sistema multilateral de comercio basado en reglas.
The impact of trade agreements can vary between different groups of people, mainly because they play different roles in society, markets, and the economy, and they enjoy different opportunities. Hence, if trade agreements are designed without taking…
This chapter provides an overview of the growing influence of both labour standards and gender equality concerns in contemporary trade debates, and in particular how existing FTAs have increasingly accommodated both types of issues. In the following…
In recent years, more and more countries have included different kinds of gender considerations in their trade agreements. Yet many countries have still not signed their very first agreement with a gender equality-related provision. Though most of…
The increasing trend of the inclusion of gender equality and women’s economic empowerment concerns in the negotiation of trade agreements creates a need to strengthen informed dialogue between the public and private sectors. Trade negotiators are…