Expert comment (with Prachi Agarwal, ODI Global) on the EU-India Free Trade Agreement signed in January 2026. It finds that the agreement’s trade and gender provision consists mostly of non-binding commitments that sit under each party’s right to…
With the COVID-19 pandemic, the tourism industry has been the hardest hit in Mauritius due to health containment measures linked to travel restrictions and the closure of borders to prevent the spread of the virus. The hotel industry attempted to…
In recent years, trade agreements between states have evolved, expanding the topics addressed, including, in some cases, chapters on gender. The general objective of this study is to determine whether the Gender Chapter of the Interim Trade…
As data breaches often affect a large number of data subjects, the material and non-material damages sustained from the violations of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) are staggering. Meanwhile, EU law lacks clarity on this subject.…
This study investigates post-Covid merger and acquisition (M&A) trends involving Africa and the Middle East between 2021 and 2023, with a focus on identifying sectoral and geographic patterns that have emerged during the recovery period. Using a…
Cross-border data transfer is a controversial topic in modern digital trade law due to the different positions of major economies. While several efforts to harmonize cross-border data transfer laws have been made in the multilateral or regional…
This study examines how the 2008/2009 global financial crisis (GFC) and the COVID-19 pandemic differentially impacted Kenya's export and import performance at the firm level. Utilising monthly firm-level customs data from 2006 to 2022, we decompose…
Health pandemics affect women and men differently, and they can make the existing gender inequalities much worse. COVID-19 is one such pandemic, which can have substantial gender implications both during and in the post-pandemic world. Its economic…
This chapter provides an overview of the growing influence of both labour standards and gender equality concerns in contemporary trade debates, and in particular how existing FTAs have increasingly accommodated both types of issues. In the following…
In recent years, more and more countries have included different kinds of gender considerations in their trade agreements. Yet many countries have still not signed their very first agreement with a gender equality-related provision. Though most of…