The mounting interest in the environment has triggered scholars’ attention and effort to study the determinants of environmental degradation. Yet, a gap in the literature remains unexplored, environmental impacts of trade market diversification…
This paper presents the 2024 update of the Trade Vulnerability Index (TVI), developed by the Center for Development Studies (CED), as a tool for comparing the international integration of Latin American countries. Findings show that Mercosur remains…
The complex relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI), political stability, and economic growth remains a critical area of study, particularly for developing economies like South Africa. This research investigates how FDI impacts economic…